What is SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder)?

By Shelby Ruman, LPC

What is SAD?

SAD or Seasonal Affective Disorder is a type of depression that is related to changes in the

seasons. SAD symptoms usually happen around the same time every year, starting in the fall

and continuing into the winter months. The symptoms usually reduce when spring comes

around. However, SAD can also happen in early spring or early summer and symptoms may

reduce in the winter or fall months, although this timing if SAD is less common. SAD is

sometimes referred to as seasonal depression, winter depression, or holiday blues.

Who does SAD affect?

SAD can affect many people; in fact, it affects more than 3-million people a year. It is more

common in women, and in people ages 18-35. Some people may be more prone to SAD if they

have a history of bipolar disorder or depression. SAD is more likely to affect those with low

Vitamin D which is the Vitamin given by sunlight. Living farther from the equator can also make

a person more prone to SAD which may be related to the decrease in sunlight around the

seasons.

What are the symptoms?

SAD can cause a person to feel hopeless, sad, guilty, and purposeless. With SAD, people may

experience a loss of energy or a change in mood. People experiencing SAD may also find a

loss of motivation for activities they enjoy and a loss of concentration. Those with SAD may also

experience either a loss of appetite or overeating.

Fall and Winter SAD Symptoms

-Hypersomnia (tendency to oversleep)

-Lower energy level

-Possible weight gain

Spring and Summer SAD Symptoms

-Insomnia (trouble sleeping)

-Anxiety or agitation

-Possible weight loss

What is the treatment for SAD?

Treatment for SAD may look different for everyone. Sometimes treatment can be light therapy,

talk therapy, medication, or a combination of these treatments.

Self-care when it comes to SAD.

-Contact your doctor or a professional if you are experiencing these symptoms.

-Monitor your mood and energy levels. Are you feeling tired even after getting enough sleep?

-Try to take advantage of sunlight when it is available. This may be harder for those who have

less sunlight available, seek out medical advice for alternatives if there is little sunlight available

in your area.

-Maintain a balanced diet. (Eating foods high in Vitamin D and Omega 3 – fish, eggs, hemp,

seeds, nuts, berries).

-Rest when necessary. Adequate good sleep can help. Turn off distractions before bed when

permitted.

-Practice healthy stress management. Take breaks to do things you enjoy.

-Most importantly – give yourself grace. The fall/winter months are a time to slow down and

listen to your body. Seek help sooner than later!